Introduction
IKEA is a Swedish multinational conglomerate that designs and sells ready-to-assemble furniture, kitchen appliances, decoration, home accessories, and various other goods and home services. Since 2016 IKEA also moved into the 'smart home' business. The smart home offering consists of devices like lamps, speakers, air purifiers, various sensors and an infrastructure of hubs and an app to glue things together.
Here I want to focus on VINDSTYRKA, this is a device to monitor, and report, air quality. My objective is reading information from the device using a Raspberry Pi and store the readings in a database.
Inside the VINDSTYRKA is a sensor: Sensirion SEN54 sensor. The manufacturers specifications provide more insight into the device capabilities.
VINSTYRKA and IKEA Home smart
Since this sensor is part of IKEA smart home it can be coupled to an IKEA smart home network via a DIRIGERA hub. The communication between the VINDSTYRKA and DIRIGERA hub uses a protocol called Zigbee, the DIRIGERA hub can be accessed via 'ordinary' TCP/IP. This connectivity opens up the possibility of building your own sensor applications. Below is a diagram of the topology now used by me:
Raspberry Pi setup
To gather information from the VINSTYRKA I use a Raspberry Pi running the desktop version of Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS at the time of writing. Both hardware and operating system choices are not really important , many other combinations may work as well.On the system as a normal user I setup a directory for the software:
python3 -m venv dirigera cd dirigera/ source bin/activateSome explanation:
- When installing Python packages you should always do this in a virtual environment. My personal prefence is to create create the environment with the name of my project so the prompt shows the name of the active project. In my case:
jvdmeiden@pi001:~/projects/dirigera$ source bin/activate (dirigera) jvdmeiden@pi001:~/projects/dirigera$
pip install dirigeraAnd generate the token for your DIRIGERA using the instructions on https://github.com/Leggin/dirigera:
generate-token <IP address of your DIRIGERA>Save the generated token in a text file for future use.
Create a database to store information read from the VINDSTYRKA(s)
Create a database for the data from the VINDSTYRKA(s) in your environment (in my case) called 'measurement.db:sqlite3 measurements.dbWithin the database create a table for the measurements:
CREATE TABLE sensor_measurement(timestamp DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, room TEXT, temperature INT, humidity INT, pm2_5 INT, tvoc INT);
Create a Python application to read from the VINDSTYRKA(s)
Start out with a script that connects to the hub and reads and prints the sensors information:
import dirigera
hub = dirigera.Hub(
hub = dirigera.Hub(
token="..........YOUR..TOKEN.........................................................................",
ip_address="<IP Address of your DIRIGERA>"
)
current = hub.get_environment_sensors()
for i in range(len(current)):
print(current[i]);
In my case I have 2 VINDSTYRKA's attached to the DIRIGERA and I get the following output:
EnvironmentSensor( device_id='519f42da-bd69-4229-94bf-9c6d1eab4c24_1', custom_name='', room_id='bf0f1f49-7d4b-4116-84d7-78c8c357eac5', room_name='Living room', firmware_version='1.0.11', hardware_version='1', model='VINDSTYRKA', manufacturer='IKEA of Sweden', serial_number='90AB96FFFEF89CA1', can_receive=['customName'], dirigera_client=The information contains the room names I gave the VINDSTARKA's and which data is sent back, the interesting part is:, is_reachable=True, current_temperature=18, current_rh=75, current_pm25=5, max_measured_pm25=999, min_measured_pm25=0, voc_index=387 ) EnvironmentSensor( device_id='dd210409-c149-4e0c-9516-4601cb6b42c8_1', custom_name='Sensor 2', room_id='6dd81fa8-11d9-4a86-8a8a-b465d721df54', room_name='Attick', firmware_version='1.0.11', hardware_version='1', model='VINDSTYRKA', manufacturer='IKEA of Sweden', serial_number='287681FFFE67EC46', can_receive=['customName'], dirigera_client= , is_reachable=True, current_temperature=18, current_rh=70, current_pm25=4, max_measured_pm25=999, min_measured_pm25=0, voc_index=51 )
- room_name: the name you gave to the VINDSTYRKA
- current_temperature
- current_rh (humidity)
- current_pm25 (PM2.5: fine inhalable particles, with diameters 2.5 micrometers and smaller)
- max_measured_pm25 and min_measured_pm25=0: the minimal and maximal values of current_pm25
- voc_index: total volatile organic compounds (tVOC)
To store relevant information in the database create a Python script (I call mine 'sensors.py'):
import dirigera
import sqlite3
conn = sqlite3.connect('<Path to your project directory>/measurements.db')
cursor = conn.cursor()
hub = dirigera.Hub(
token="..........YOUR..TOKEN.........................................................................",
ip_address="<IP Address of your DIRIGERA>"
)
current = hub.get_environment_sensors()
for i in range(len(current)):
cursor.execute('''INSERT INTO sensor_measurement(room,temperature,humidity,pm2_5,tvoc)
VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)''',
[current[i].attributes.custom_name,current[i].attributes.current_temperature,current[i].attributes.current_r_h,current[i].attributes.current_p_m25,current[i].attributes.voc_index])
conn.commit()
conn.close()
The logic is pretty basic:- import the required packages
- create a hub object
- connect to the DIRIGERA and get sensor information
- the returned information is an array of values for each sensor known by the DIRIGERA
- insert the information for each sensor into the database table
Schedule gathering information using 'cron'
In order to gather information over longer regular intervals create a bash script (sensors.sh) that sets the environment and runs the Python script:#!/bin/bash source <Path to your project directory>/bin/activate python3 <Path to your project directory>/sensors.pyThen create a crontab entry using 'crontab -e':
# m h dom mon dow command */20 * * * * <Path to your project directory>/sensors.sh 2>&1 | loggerThis will run the script every 20 minutes.
For debugging it is usefull to have the the cronjob write errors to 'logger', the syslog will give a hint of what went wrong in case of problems.
Making sense of the gathered data
After some time the database will contain gathered data like:
sqlite> select * from sensor_measurement where room = 'Living room'; 2023-11-19 12:20:02|Living room|18|66|5|59 2023-11-19 12:40:02|Living room|18|66|5|57 2023-11-19 13:00:02|Living room|18|67|5|58 2023-11-19 13:20:02|Living room|18|67|5|61 2023-11-19 13:40:03|Living room|18|67|6|67 2023-11-19 14:00:02|Living room|18|67|6|63 2023-11-19 14:20:02|Living room|18|67|6|58 2023-11-19 14:40:02|Living room|18|67|6|58 2023-11-19 15:00:02|Living room|18|67|7|65 2023-11-19 15:20:02|Living room|18|68|5|168 2023-11-19 15:40:02|Living room|18|75|7|376 2023-11-19 16:00:02|Living room|18|76|8|396 2023-11-19 16:20:02|Living room|18|76|7|360 2023-11-19 16:40:02|Living room|18|75|7|312 2023-11-19 17:00:02|Living room|19|75|6|319 2023-11-19 17:20:02|Living room|19|74|5|103 2023-11-19 17:40:02|Living room|19|76|7|102 2023-11-19 18:00:03|Living room|19|76|7|97 2023-11-19 18:20:02|Living room|19|77|6|108 2023-11-19 18:40:02|Living room|19|76|6|71 2023-11-19 19:00:02|Living room|19|76|5|60 2023-11-19 19:20:02|Living room|19|75|6|43In this case it shows the increase in tVOC, that coincides with cooking and is not something to get alarmed about.
The peak in tVOC can be plotted as a graph:
Conclusion
Using a DIRIGERA hub and a RASPBERRY Pi it is relativly easy to gather data from the VINDSTYRKA for analysis.To be continued
The following items are on my to-do list:- Gather data from multiple VINDSTYKA sensors and compare them.
- Correlate the data from the VINDSTYRKA's with weather data.
- Circumvent the DIRIGERA by connecting at Zigbee level.
- Replace the VINDSTYRKA by the sensor that is inside Sensirion SN54.
- Better understand the meaning of various values like tVOC by placing the sensor in a confined space and expose it to things like alcohol vopor, smoke, et cetera.
- Create a front end that shows the information in graphs.
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